Original article

Vol. 21 No. 3 (2023): Blood Transfusion 3-2023 (May-June)

The effect of exosomes released from apheresis platelet concentrates under the impact of gamma irradiation and storage time upon platelet aggregation and hemostasis

Authors

Key words: aggregation, exosome, gamma irradiation, hemostasis, platelet concentrates
Publication Date: 2022-08-09

Abstract

Background - Blood components should be gamma-irradiated (γ-IR) in order to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of ɣ-IR and storage time on the exosomes released from apheresis platelet concentrates (aPC) and to investigate their impact on the maximum platelet aggregation (MPA) and hemostasis.
Materials and methods - Eight units of aPC were included in this study. These were divided into four equal portions. Two portions were irradiated before storage while the other two were not. Thus, irradiated and non-irradiated aPC samples for storage Days 0 (D0) and 5 (D5) were obtained. Exosomes were isolated from these samples using a commercial kit and were evaluated to ascertain their parent cells by flow cytometry. For the following steps, exosomes were pooled according to their features. Pooled exosomes were
then used for aggregometry and thromboelastography.
Results - Platelet-derived exosome (PD-EX) levels decreased in D5 compared to D0 in NI-aPC, whereas granulocyte-derived exosome (GD-EX) levels increased. Exosome pools had no effect on MPA compared to saline groups. Exosome pools decreased the time to initial fibrin formation (R), whereas they increased the rate of clot formation (α-angle) and coagulation index (CI) compared to saline groups.
Discussion - Storage time and ɣ-IR each have almost the opposite effects on PD-EX and GD-EX. Exosomes have no impact on MPA, but enhance the clot strength. The impact of exosomes on aPC quality and effectiveness can be ignored or considered as a positive effect.

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Authors

Salih Haldun Bal - Dr. Rasit Durusoy Blood Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Engin Sağdilek - Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Mehmet Karaçay - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Medicine-Immunology, Institute of Health Science, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Muhammed A. Kızmaz - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Medicine-Immunology, Institute of Health Science, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Levent T. Kumaş - Dr. Rasit Durusoy Blood Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Medicine-Microbiology, Microbiology-Immunology, Institute of Health Science, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Fatma E. Can - Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey

Muzaffer Yıldırım - Thorlab-Therapeutic Oligodeoxynucleotide Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey

Tugçe Canavar-Yıldırım - Thorlab-Therapeutic Oligodeoxynucleotide Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey

Deniz Koşay-Gülkaya - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Diğdem Yöyen-Ermiş - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Ferah Budak - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

Yasemin Heper - Dr. Rasit Durusoy Blood Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

İhsan Gürsel - Thorlab-Therapeutic Oligodeoxynucleotide Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Office of Director, Izmir, Turkey

Haluk B. Oral - Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

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