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PLASTIC RECONSTRUCTIVE AND REGENERATIVE SURGERY

Original article

Blood Transfusion - 5 2022 (September-October)

Immuno-hematological monitoring after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a single-center, prospective study of 104 patients

Authors

Ursula La Rocca , Walter Barberi , Arianna Di Rocco , Gianluca Giovannetti , Alessia Neri , Isabella Santilio , Daniela Carmini , Luisa Quattrocchi , Maria Gozzer , Mahnaz Shafii Bafti , Roberto Ricci , Gabriella Girelli , Robin Foà , Anna Paola Iori , Serelina Coluzzi

Key words: HSCT, immuno-hematological monitoring, ABO incompatibility
DOI: 10.2450/2022.0289-21
Publication Date: 2022-04-19

Abstract

Background - The impact of ABO incompatibility on the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is still debated. We report the results of a prospective, single-center study evaluating the impact of ABO mismatch on the development of immediate and late immuno-hematological complications, and the efficacy of the protocol used at the “Sapienza” University (Rome, Italy) to manage ABO incompatibility in patients undergoing HSCT.
Materials and methods - From January 2013 to December 2016, we prospectively analyzed all patients undergoing HSCT. Graft manipulation or desensitization strategies were used according to ABO incompatibility, donor sex and donor transfusion history. Red blood cell and platelet transfusions were given based on immunohematological features.
Results - From January 2013 to December 2016, 104 consecutive patients underwent HSCT from a matched related donor (29.81%), matched unrelated donor (53.58%), cord blood (1.9%) or haploidentical donor (14.42%). Forty-nine patients (47%) were ABO-identical and 55 (53%) ABO-incompatible (23 major, 25 minor, 7 bidirectional). Donor engraftment, graft failure or other complications did not differ between ABO compatible or incompatible patients. ABO incompatibility did not show a significant impact on
graft-versus-host disease, overall survival or disease-free survival. Factors associated with the need for prolonged red blood cell support were ABO incompatibility (p=0.0395), HLA disparity between donor and recipient (p=0.004) and the onset of hemorrhagic cystitis (p=0.015). In multivariate analysis HLA disparity was the only statistically significant condition (p=0.004).
Discussion - ABO incompatibility does not represent a barrier to allogeneic HSCT. It is, however, associated with prolonged transfusion requirements. Close immunohematological monitoring, as a shared standard procedure, allows appropriate transfusion support to be provided and limits post-HSCT immuno-hematological complications.

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Authors

Ursula La Rocca - Haematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Walter Barberi - Haematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Arianna Di Rocco - Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Gianluca Giovannetti - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Alessia Neri - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Isabella Santilio - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Daniela Carmini - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Luisa Quattrocchi - Haematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Maria Gozzer - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Mahnaz Shafii Bafti - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Roberto Ricci - Haematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Gabriella Girelli - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Robin Foà - Haematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Anna Paola Iori - Haematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

Serelina Coluzzi - Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

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